劳动时间观念与马克思三大社会形态理论的历史生成

回溯马克思关于三大社会形态理论的历史生成,可以发现马克思三大社会形态的本质差别在于对劳动时间的关心程度不同.中国现代化运动的终极理想就是实现社会中现实的个人对劳动时间的关注,以及通过占有自由劳动时间而达到个人的全面自由发展.显然,这不仅仅是一个中国现代化运动过程中的理论视域内的问题,更是一个实践问题.     

The Free Cash Flow Anomaly Revisited: Finnish Evidence

Abstract:  This paper examines the performance of an investment strategy based on free cash flows using financial statement data of Finnish companies during the period 1992-2002. The analysis in this paper is motivated by the so-called free cash flow anomaly previously documented e.g. in Hackel, Livnat and Rai (2000) . Using annual financial statement information, we identify large-capitalization companies with positive free cash flows, low free cash flow multiples, and low financial leverage. Since a portfolio of these companies is found to consistently outperform the market index, our results suggest that the free cash flow anomaly also exists in the Finnish stock market.     

When a Loser Gains: Free Riding in the Innovation of Network Goods

We consider duopolists innovating and producing a good subject to network externalities. If successful in R&D, a firm sells both the old product and the new one. The new product increases the utility of its user; it also generates a higher network externality than does the old product. A firm which fails to innovate nevertheless profits from the success of the rival: the network effect raises the value of the old product it still produces. A firm free-rides on the innovative efforts of another firm, reducing the incentives of any firm to innovate.     

欧盟关于人员自由流动的立法特点及其启示

欧洲联盟内部人员自由流动,同商品、服务和资本的自由流动一起,构成了欧洲经济一体化的基本内容.人员在成员国之间自由流动,直接冲击成员国现行的经济、社会等制度,因此往往遭遇障碍和歧视.欧盟从建立时起,就注重对人员自由流动的法律调整,并形成了自己鲜明的立法特点.我国正处于城市化的高潮时期,人员流动正迅速发展.我们应该借鉴欧盟的经验,加强人员流动方面的立法,以确保人员流动有序进行,促进改革开放的健康、和谐发展.     

Value of Multinationality: Internalization, Managerial Self-interest, and Managerial Compensation

In this paper, we examine the impact of managerial self-interest on the value of multinationality. Since agency theory also suggests that a divergence between the interests of managers and shareholders can be aligned by effective managerial incentive, we also examine the effect of managerial compensation on the value of multinationality. Our results show that for high- Q (Tobin's Q > 1 ) firms, investors do not associate the spending of free cash flow on multinationality with the problem of overinvestments. For high- Q firms, it is also found that the value of multinationality can be enhanced by effective managerial incentives. For low- Q firms (Tobin's Q < 1 ), it is found that the concern of managerial self-interest overwhelms the benefits of internalization, making multinationality a value-decreasing event. For low- Q firms, managerial compensation is also ineffective in promoting value-enhancing foreign direct investments.     

The Wealth Effect of Domestic Joint Ventures: Evidence from Taiwan

This study presents important international evidence by examining the wealth effect of domestic joint ventures by Taiwanese firms. In opposite to United States evidence, we find that announcements of domestic joint ventures by Taiwanese firms are, on average, associated with significantly negative abnormal stock returns. We also find that the stock market response to announced domestic joint ventures is significantly positively related to the announcing firms' investment opportunities, size of investment and debt ratio, and is significantly negatively related to the business relatedness variable. In contrast, free cash flow, firm size, relative firm size and managerial ownership are found to have no significant power in explaining the market response. Our results support the investment opportunities, synergy and complementarity hypotheses as well as a broad interpretation of the free cash flow hypothesis, but reject the absolute size, relative size and alignment-of-interests hypotheses. This study makes valuable contributions to the literature by providing the first direct evidence on the role of investment opportunities, synergy and alignment-of-interests in explaining the wealth effect of domestic joint ventures     

从中日、中韩双边贸易看中日韩贸易一体化

尽管中日、中韩双边贸易发展过程中存在一些问题,但相互之间的合作已经是大势所趋。由于历史原因和层次所限,中日两国率先建立自由贸易区的可能性较小。比较现实的做法是中韩之间首先建立双边自由贸易区,然后吸收日本加入,逐步向中日韩三边自由贸易区过渡。     

浅议“信,达,雅”在中国传统翻译理论中的地位

文章简要回顾了中国传统翻译理论的发展历程,并且分析了各个时期翻译大家对翻译理论的贡献,从而得出"信、达、雅"三字是对中国古代翻译理论的全面概括和总结,这三个字也是中国传统译论的精华之所在。     

村民投资村级公共物品的实践与理性思考

村民投资村级公共物品的前提是具有共同的利益,但共同利益的实现依赖于集体行动困境的有效破解.即克服搭便车问题。良好的村庄社会资本为投资行为提供了社会环境和基础,尤其是村庄精英及以其为中心形成的网络为村民投资的形成有积极的组织和动员作用;内部激励机制是村民投资的社会基础,能有效克服集体行动中的搭便车行为。